The authors conduct the first systematic analysis of the determinants and impact of the sovereign
credit ratings assigned by the two leading US agencies, Moody's Investor Services and …

Investors and regulators have been increasing their reliance on the opinions of the credit
rating agencies. This article shows that although the ratings provide accurate rank-orderings of …

Many regulations use private sector credit ratings to determine investment prohibitions and
capital requirements for institutional portfolio investments. These regulations implicitly …

A the credit rating agencies. At the same time, the number of rating agencies operating in the
United States and abroad has risen sharply. Together, these trends have prompted market …

Emergency physicians have used point-of-care ultrasonography since the 1990s. Pediatric
emergency medicine physicians have more recently adopted this technology. Point-of-care …

Many market participants, including investors, issuers, and regulators, have a strong preference
for corporate bond ratings that are not only accurate but also stable. They want ratings to …

… Richard Cantor and Frank Packer … Richard Cantor is an assistant vice president and
Frank Packer an economist in the International Finance Function of the Research and Market …

Trauma is the leading cause of death in children nationwide. Proper management of the
pediatric trauma patient involves many of the components contained within standard trauma …

Background Over the years, economists have shifted their assess ment of the effects of cash
flows or internally gener ated funds on firms’ capital expenditures. It was traditionally …

Objectives. Citibank, NA, initiated a comprehensive health, demand, and disease management
program in 1994, using program services offered by Healthtrac, Inc., of Menlo Park, …